Treatment options

Arthroscopic Knee Surgery in Singapore

Arthroscopic knee surgery offers a proven, minimally invasive solution for a wide range of knee conditions, helping you get back on your feet faster than traditional open surgery.

UNDERSTANDING THE Surgery

What is Arthroscopic Knee Surgery (Keyhole Surgery)?

Arthroscopic knee surgery, often called “keyhole surgery,” is a minimally invasive technique for diagnosing and treating knee joint issues without large cuts. Instead of traditional open surgery, the surgeon works through tiny portals. A pencil-thin camera, the arthroscope, is inserted through one small incision (1 cm) to project a magnified, high-definition view of the joint’s interior, including cartilage and ligaments, onto a monitor. Through other small portals, specialised miniature instruments are used to precisely repair or remove the damaged tissue, ensuring minimal disturbance to the surrounding healthy structures.

The Minimally Invasive Difference: Arthroscopy vs. Traditional Open Surgery

The advantages of arthroscopic surgery over traditional open surgery are:

Feature Arthroscopic Knee Surgery (Keyhole) Traditional Open Surgery
Incision Size
Typically two or three small incisions (1cm)
Single, large incision (5 to 10 cm)
Tissue Trauma
Minimal trauma to surrounding muscles and tendons
Requires cutting through soft tissues to open the joint
Hospital Stay
Often performed as day surgery; patient goes home same day
Usually requires an overnight or multi-day hospital stay
Recovery
Generally faster recovery and quicker return to activities
Pain/tenderness on the inner aspect; possible buckling.
Pain Level
Less pain post-operatively
Higher post-operative pain and medication reliance

How the Procedure Works: The Role of the Arthroscope and Specialised Tools

The success of arthroscopic knee surgery hinges on the technology used and the surgeon’s precise skill. The core instrument is the arthroscope, a narrow tube housing a camera and light source.

  • Visualisation: The arthroscope is inserted into the knee joint through a tiny incision. This camera transmits a magnified, high-definition video image of the entire knee interior onto a surgical monitor. This allows Dr Yong Ren to examine all structures, such as cartilage, ligaments, and menisci, for damage.

     

  • Diagnosis and Treatment: Using a second or third small incision, specialised miniature instruments like graspers, scissors, and shavers are inserted. The surgeon guides these tools to repair, trim, or remove damaged tissue with exceptional accuracy, all while monitoring the process in real-time on the screen.

 

The procedure typically uses advanced fibre-optic arthroscopes connected to high-resolution video systems, ensuring crystal-clear imaging. The micro-instruments are purpose-built to operate in the joint’s tight confines, allowing for delicate tasks like stitching a torn meniscus or preparing a bone tunnel for ACL reconstruction.

spotting the signs

Common Conditions Treated by a Knee Specialist in Singapore

Arthroscopy is a versatile tool, enabling knee specialists to treat a spectrum of injuries and conditions, from sports-related trauma to degenerative joint problems.

If you are experiencing persistent pain, instability, or a locking sensation in your knee, a consultation with an orthopaedic specialist like Dr Yong Ren is essential. Arthroscopic knee surgery is not merely a diagnostic tool; it is a definitive treatment for many of the most prevalent knee complaints. The minimally invasive nature of the procedure makes it an excellent choice for active individuals and athletes in Singapore who require a reliable solution with an efficient recovery pathway.

Addressing Cartilage Damage: Torn Meniscus Repair and Partial Meniscectomy

The meniscus is the C-shaped piece of cartilage that acts as a shock absorber between your thigh bone (femur) and shin bone (tibia). A tear in this structure is one of the most common reasons patients seek orthopaedic consultation.

  • Meniscectomy (Trimming): If the tear is in an area with poor blood supply and cannot heal, the surgeon will arthroscopically remove only the unstable, damaged fragment. This partial removal, or partial meniscectomy, is the most common arthroscopic knee procedure and provides fast relief from locking and pain.

  • Meniscus Repair (Stitching): If the tear is located in the well-vascularised outer third of the meniscus, it may be a candidate for repair. The surgeon uses specialised arthroscopic sutures to stitch the torn edges back together. A repair procedure typically requires a longer, more protected recovery than a meniscectomy but is preferred as it preserves the meniscus, protecting the knee joint from future arthritis.

Ligament Reconstruction: Treating ACL and PCL Tears

Ligament injuries, especially tears to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), are common in high-impact sports. The ACL is crucial for stabilising the knee joint, and an injury often results in instability and a feeling of the knee “giving way.”

  • ACL Reconstruction: An ACL tear cannot heal on its own and typically requires surgical reconstruction to restore stability. This is done arthroscopically, using a tissue graft (taken from another part of your body, such as the hamstring or patellar tendon) to replace the torn ligament. The graft is then secured with screws or anchors to allow a new ligament to grow in its place.

  • PCL and Other Ligament Repairs: Arthroscopic techniques are also employed to address tears in the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) and other knee ligaments, ensuring a stable foundation for the joint’s function.

Other Issues: Loose Bodies, Synovitis, and Patellar Instability

Beyond tears and ligament injuries, arthroscopic knee surgery can address several other painful conditions that interfere with normal knee mechanics.

  • Loose Bodies: Fragments of bone or cartilage, known as “loose bodies”, can break off and float within the joint space. These fragments can cause the knee to lock or catch painfully. An arthroscope allows the surgeon to accurately locate and remove these fragments.

  • Synovitis: The joint lining, known as the synovium, can become inflamed and swollen. This condition, called synovitis, is often due to inflammatory arthritis or chronic irritation. The arthroscope can be used to remove the inflamed tissue (a synovectomy).

  • Patellar Instability: This involves the kneecap (patella) being unstable or dislocating. Arthroscopic techniques can be used to perform soft tissue realignment procedures, such as MPFL (Medial Patellofemoral Ligament) reconstruction, to stabilise the kneecap.

 

Arthroscopic treatment for kneecap problems and joint locking provides a reliable way to clean up the joint space and stabilise structures, resolving the painful mechanical symptoms that severely limit patient mobility.

TREATMENT PATHWAY

Non-Surgical and Conservative Alternatives to Knee Surgery

A responsible and patient-centric approach to orthopaedics dictates that surgery is considered the final step in a continuum of care. 

Dr Yong Ren’s practice emphasises a holistic treatment pathway, ensuring that all non-operative measures are thoroughly evaluated and attempted. Our goal is always to find the least invasive, yet most effective, solution to alleviate your pain and restore function.

Prioritising Recovery: The Role of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

For many knee conditions, particularly degenerative tears or mild pain caused by muscular imbalances, a targeted conservative treatment plan yields excellent results.

  • Physiotherapy is often the first line of defence. A structured rehabilitation programme focuses on strengthening the muscles surrounding the knee, especially the quadriceps and hamstrings, which can offload stress from the damaged joint structures. It also helps to improve joint flexibility and range of motion.

  • Lifestyle Adjustments: Weight management and modifying high-impact activities to low-impact alternatives (e.g., swimming or cycling) can greatly reduce the daily stress on a painful knee joint.

Pain Management: Corticosteroid and Hyaluronic Acid Injections

When oral medication and physical therapy alone are insufficient, therapeutic knee injections can offer a powerful, temporary bridge to pain relief. These treatments are performed in the clinic and target the source of inflammation or friction within the joint.

  • Corticosteroid Injections: These potent anti-inflammatory agents are injected directly into the knee joint to rapidly reduce swelling and pain associated with flares of arthritis or chronic irritation. Relief is often fast, though temporary.

  • Viscosupplementation (Hyaluronic Acid): Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance found in healthy joint fluid. Injecting this ‘viscous’ fluid acts as a lubricant and a shock absorber, helping to restore some of the knee’s natural function and reduce pain from cartilage-on-cartilage friction.

When is Surgery Necessary? Defining the Specialist's Decision Point

While conservative care is preferred, some conditions absolutely require the mechanical intervention that only Arthroscopic Knee Surgery can provide. 

Dr Yong Ren bases his surgical recommendation on a comprehensive evaluation of the patient, including:

  • Mechanical Symptoms: Persistent symptoms like the knee joint locking, catching, or giving way suggests that a physical piece of tissue, for example, an unstable flap of a torn meniscus is interfering with movement.

     

  • Structural Failure: A complete tear of a crucial stabilising ligament, such as the ACL, which results in chronic instability that physical therapy cannot compensate for.

     

  • Failed Conservative Treatment: When dedicated, multi-month conservative
    treatments, including physiotherapy and injections, have failed to provide an acceptable level of pain relief and function.
Rehabilitation and Recovery

The Recovery and Rehabilitation Timeline: What to Expect

Understanding the recovery process helps set realistic expectations and prepares you for the journey ahead. Recovery varies based on the specific procedure performed, but the arthroscopic approach consistently reduces healing time compared to open surgery.

The immediate hours and days following your procedure are crucial for managing inflammation and pain, setting the stage for smooth healing.

  • Pain Management: Post-operative pain is typically well-controlled with oral medication. Patients report less discomfort compared to open surgery due to the small incisions.

  • R.I.C.E. Therapy: The R.I.C.E. protocol is fundamental: Rest, Ice application to the knee to minimise swelling, Compression (via a bandage), and Elevation (keeping the leg raised above heart level).

Patients are often keen to know when they can resume their normal routine. These milestones vary based on the surgery type:

  • Simple Procedures (e.g., Partial Meniscectomy):
    • Walking: Often able to bear weight immediately or within a few days using crutches.
    • Desk Work: Typically within 3 to 7 days.
    • Light Activity (e.g., Stationary Cycling): Within 1 to 2 weeks.

       

  • Complex Procedures (e.g., ACL Reconstruction or Meniscus Repair):
    • Walking: Protected weight-bearing in a brace may be necessary for several weeks.
    • Desk Work: Within 1 to 2 weeks, though with leg elevation breaks.

The true success of your surgery is defined by the long-term outcome, which is highly dependent on a committed approach to long-term rehabilitation.

  • Physical Therapy: This is the non-negotiable component of recovery. Rehabilitation progresses through phases, from restoring range of motion to building strength, balance, and proprioception (the sense of where your joint is in space).

  • Full Recovery: While the wound may heal quickly, the joint can take months to regain full strength and confidence. For complex procedures like ACL reconstruction, the graft takes time to mature, meaning a full return to high-level, cutting, or pivoting sports is typically permitted only after 6 to 12 months, following clearance from your surgeon and physiotherapist.

Surgical Costs & Medisave Coverage

Getting a diagnosis in the private system involves a few initial costs.

Specialist Consultation
An initial consultation with an orthopaedic specialist typically ranges from $150 to $250.

X-Ray
This is the first-line imaging test and is very affordable, usually costing between $80 and $150.

MRI Scan
If the specialist needs to see the soft tissues in high detail, an MRI may be ordered. This is more expensive, often ranging from $1,000 to $2,000 per joint.

Athroscopic knee surgery costs vary considerably depending on what type of condition you’re treating.

In private hospitals throughout Singapore, surgeon’s fees typically range from $8,500 – $12,500 Public hospital subsidised rates offer more affordable alternatives, though waiting times may be longer and choice of surgeon limited.

Without subsidies, public hospital costs approach private rates.

Medisave

Medisave can be used to pay for hospitalisation and approved surgical procedures, up to specific withdrawal limits. For example, a complex knee replacement is claimable up to a certain amount from the Table of Surgical Procedures. 

MediShield Life

This is a basic health insurance plan that helps pay for large hospital bills and selected costly outpatient treatments.

Integrated Shield Plans (IPs)

If you have an IP from a private insurer, it works on top of MediShield Life. These plans are what cover the bulk of the cost if you choose to be treated in a private hospital or an A/B1 ward in a public hospital. It is essential to check your specific plan for coverage, deductibles, and any co-payment required.

FAQs

Frequently Asked Questions About Arthroscopic Surgery

orthopaedic doctor

The main purpose of arthroscopic surgery is to visualise, diagnose, and treat problems inside the knee joint through small, minimally invasive incisions, reducing recovery time compared to open surgery. This camera-guided approach allows the surgeon to see and address issues like cartilage damage, ligament tears, or loose fragments with high precision.

No, it is generally considered a minimally invasive procedure (keyhole surgery), not a “major” open surgery. However, it is still a significant surgical intervention requiring anaesthesia and careful post-operative recovery. The distinction lies in the reduced trauma to surrounding healthy tissues, which is a major factor in the quicker healing process.

Patients generally experience less pain than with traditional open surgery due to the smaller incisions and less trauma to surrounding tissues. Pain is managed effectively with a combination of prescribed oral medication, diligent RICE therapy, and engagement in early, gentle physical therapy exercises. Pain is a manageable part of the early recovery, not a debilitating one.

While arthroscopic knee surgery has a high success rate and is very safe, like any surgery, it carries potential risks.

  • Infection: A risk with any surgical procedure, though it is lowered due to the small incision size.
  • Blood Clots: The risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the leg, which is typically mitigated with anti-coagulant medication and early ambulation.
  • Stiffness or Persistent Pain: The knee joint can become stiff; this is combatted through rigorous physical therapy.
  • Nerve or Blood Vessel Injury: Extremely rare, but possible.

 

These risks should be thoroughly discussed with your orthopaedic surgeon, to provide a complete picture of the procedure.

WHY CHOOSE DR YONG REN

Your Trusted Knee Pain Specialist

Knee Pain Consultation & X-ray

Dr Yong Ren brings extensive expertise to the field of minimally invasive orthopaedic procedures. His background includes specialist training in Switzerland, focusing on complex orthopaedic trauma and reconstruction, underscoring his capability in handling simple to highly complex joint issues.

Choosing us means you benefit from:

Minimally Invasive Focus

Dr Yong Ren’s practice prioritises the least invasive techniques, leading to smaller scars, less post-operative pain, and faster return to function.

Comprehensive Care Pathway

We believe in treating the whole patient, not just the injury. This includes a full, multi-modal pathway from non-operative treatments (like physical therapy and injections) to the latest surgical techniques.

Local Expertise and Clarity

We provide clear, locally-relevant guidance on everything from the procedure itself to the intricacies of Medisave claimability and insurance processing in Singapore.

Start Your Journey to Recovery Today

If you have been living with persistent pain, or if you have questions about your orthopaedic condition and wish to explore personalised, advanced treatment options, we encourage you to consult with Dr Yong Ren.

Take the first step toward a pain-free life with a $150 Knee Pain Consultation & X-ray.